The main goal of the contactor and implementer of the survey on ‘The Future of Mongolian Pastoralism’ will have been achieved, if the Final Report succeeds in giving all organizations and individuals who make decisions, implement policies and conduct research on the future development of the animal husbandry sector and living standards of herders, with objective information on the sector’s present situation, its future trends and the opinions of herders opinions on this subject.The research team believes that the study on ‘The Future of Mongolian Pastoralism’ is a unique and innovative work, for on the basis of the opinions of the herders themselves, local administrations, livestock breeding experts and researchers it has examined such numerous issues as the assessment of herders’ living standards by the herders themselves; herders’ ideas about their future; the biggest problems encountered by herders; the most important social, material, and industrial needs of herders; the opinions of herders on activities and measures taken by the Government for development of animal husbandry; herders’ concerns; the income situation of herder households; satisfaction from their work; their views and interests on other than herding ways of earning a living and the existence of any barriers on the way to realize their choice; together with the herders’ ideas on what should be done for the development of animal husbandry.