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 Governance Reform: Bridging, Monitoring, and Action
English
by Brian Levy
Published February 2007
ISBN: 0-8213-7032-4
Developing-country governance and its monitoring have risen to the top of the development agenda. This mounting interest is in response to compelling evidence that links governance to development performance-policy quality, public service provision, the investment climate, and the extent of corruption.
Governance Reform: Bridging, Monitoring, and Action lays out a broad framework for analyzing and monitoring governance in developing countries. It identifies fourteen core indicators for governance monitoring- both broad measures of overall patterns and specific "actionable" measures that can be used to guide reforms and track progress.
The book also summarizes good practices for reforming public bureaucracies and checks and balances institutions (including parliaments, the justice system, media and information, and local governance); highlights improvements in transparency as a relatively low-cost and low-key way of deepening government accountability to civil society; and suggests ways to complement top-down reforms with approaches that focus directly on improving service provision and the investment climate (such as strengthening the bottom-up accountabilities of service providers to communities, firms, and citizens).
Governance Reform has no universally applicable trajectory of change. Rather, the aims are: to find country-specific entry points for reform which have development impact in the short-term; to address binding public management constraints, and to help build momentum for further change.
 The Caucasian Tiger: Sustaining Economic Growth in Armenia
English
by Saumya Mitra , Douglas Andrew , Bartek Kaminski , Yevgeny Kuznetsov , Ekaterine Vashakmadze
Published March 2007
ISBN: 0-8213-6811-7
The Caucasian Tiger explains the factors underlying Armenia's stellar economic growth record, which has led to the country's emergence as a pre-eminent reformer among the former Soviet republics, and provides advice on policies that will entrench growth over the next decade.
It describes how Armenia created an environment of macroeconomic stability and pursued reforms aimed at establishing a market economy that was integrated with the rest of the world. But the central focus of the book is the reform agenda of the future. The continuation of high rates of productivity gains requires Armenia to deepen reforms directed at sharpening the competitive framework of the economy, achieving closer integration with international trade and capital markets, building financial markets, and creating the conditions for the absorption of knowledge that leads to higher technological sophistication. Thus, this book is intended not only as a case study of success in post-Soviet economic transition, but also as a candid piece of policy advice for the future. As such, it will be of particular interest to readers working in the areas of economic policy and reforms, the economics and politics of transition to market economies, poverty reduction, competition and corporate governance, banking and trade policies, and stimulating innovation within a knowledge-based economy.
 Sustainable Energy in China: The Closing Window of Opportunity
English
by Fei Feng , Roland Priddle , Leiping Wang , Noureddine Berrah
Published March 2007
ISBN: 0-8213-6753-6
China's remarkable economic growth has been supported by a generally adequate and relatively low-cost supply of energy, creating the world's largest coal industry, its second-largest oil market, and an electic power business that is adding capacity at an unprecedented rate. However, in fueling that impressive economic growth, the energy sector has increasingly stressed the natural environment, placed heavy demands on domestic energy sources, and exposed the country to risks of dependence on foreign petroleum supplies. If energy requirements continue to double every decade, China will not be able to meet the energy demands of the present without seriously compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own energy needs.
This title uses historical data from 1980 and alternative scenarios through 2020 to assess China's future energy requirements and the resources to meet them. It calls for a high-level commitment to develop and implement an integrated, coordinated, and comprehensive energy policy. The authors recommend eight building blocks to reduce energy consumption growth well below the targeted rate of economic growth, to use national resources on an economically and environmentally sound basis, and to establish a robust energy system that can better ensure the security of a diverse supply of competitively priced energy forms. Sustainability calls for persistence of effort, greater reliance on advanced energy technologies, and better standards enforcement.
Achieving these goals will require policy initiatives that restrict demand and create a "resources-conscious society", reconcile energy needs with environmental imperatives, rationalize pricing, and tackle supply security. While the challenges are daunting, China has a unique opportunity to position itself as a world leader in the application of cutting-edge energy developments to create a sustainable energy sector effectively supporting a flourishing economy and society.
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