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 Informality: Exit and Exclusion
English
by Guillermo E. Perry , Omar Arias , Pablo Fajnzylber , William F. Maloney , Andrew Mason , Jaime Saavedra-Chanduvi
Published May 2007
ISBN: 0-8213-7092-8
Informality: Exit and Exclusion analyzes informality in Latin America, exploring root causes and reasons for and implications of its growth. The authors use two distinct but complementary lenses: informality driven by "exclusion" from state benefits or the circuits of the modern economy, and driven by voluntary "exit" decisions resulting from private cost-benefit calculations that lead workers and firms to opt out of formal institutions. They find both lenses have considerable explanatory power to understand the causes and consequences of informality in the region. Informality: Exit and Exclusion concludes that reducing informality levels and overcoming the "culture of informality" will require actions to increase aggregate productivity in the economy, reform poorly designed regulations and social policies, and increase the legitimacy of the state by improving the quality and fairness of state institutions and policies. Although the study focuses on Latin America, its analysis, approach, and conclusions are relevant for all developing countries.
Informality: Exit and Exclusion will be of value to professionals and academics studying labor market, social protection, tax, microenterprise development, and urban public policies, and to those working in government, international organizations, research institutions, and universities.
 Managing Public Debt : From Diagnostics to Reform Implementation
English
by World Bank
Published April 2007
ISBN: 0-8213-6872-9
High-quality public debt management plays a critical role in reducing the vulnerability of developing countries to financial crises. With sound risk and cash management, effective coordination with fiscal and monetary policy, good governance, and adequate institutional and staff capacity in place, governments can develop and implement effective medium-term debt management strategies.
Managing Public Debt: From Diagnostics to Reform Implementation draws insights from a joint pilot program set up by the World Bank and International Monetary Fund to design relevant reform and capacity-building programs in twelve countries. The experiences of these geographically and economically diverse countries - Bulgaria, Colombia, Costa Rica, Croatia, Indonesia, Kenya, Lebanon, Nicaragua, Pakistan, Sri Lanka, Tunisia, and Zambia - illustrate the challenges and elements necessary to make progress in the area of public debt management.
Managing Public Debt will serve government officials contemplating or in the process of reforming their practices, providers of technical assistance, and practitioners working on building capacity in public debt management. Because effective implementation of debt management strategies also requires a developed domestic government debt market, readers will also be interested in the companion volume, Developing the Domestic Government Debt Market, published by The World Bank in February 2007, based on the same joint pilot program.
 Бизнес в 2007 году: Как проводить реформы
Орос
Всемирный Банк
2007
Реформы законодательства в сфере бизнеса приводят к увеличению количества вновь создаваемых предприятий. В странах Восточной Европы наблюдается настоящий "бизнес-бум", который может посоперничать с тем, что в недавнем прошлом произошёл в Восточной Азии. Без внимания инвесторов не остаются идущие быстрым темпом реформы в таких крупных странах с развивающейся рыночной экономикой как Индия, Китай, Египет, Турция и Индонезия. Египет находится в этом году на первом месте в мире среди стран-реформаторов, а Сингапур второй год подряд сохраняет лидирующую позицию в рейтинге стран по индексу лёгкости ведения бизнеса.
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